Part I Vocabulary and Structure

Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (25 points, 1 point for each)

1. ________ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.

A. It was the 1990s B. That it was in the 1990s

C. It was in the 1990s D. During the 1990s

2. There are other problems which I don’t propose to ________ at the moment.

A. go into B. go around C. go for D. go up

3. It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory ________ by about 10%.

A. will have risen B. has risen C. will be rising D. has been rising

4. Not until ten o’clock ________ it was too late to return.

A. they realized B. they did realize

C. did they realize D. realized they

5. Once a decision is made, it must be ________ firmly.

A. carried on B. carried out

C. carried away D. carried off

6. Don’t get your schedule ________; stay with us in this class.

A. to change B. changing C. changed D. change

7. The pen I am writing my letter with is different from ________.

A. that one B. one C. the one D. the ones

8. Without his wise mother, he ________ such a successful scientist.

A. would not become B. should not have become

C. may not have become D. could not have become

9. ________, we shall go out for a picnic on Sunday.

A. Weather permits B. Weather permitting

C. With weather permits D. With weather permitting

10. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and ________ knowledge.

A. extensive B. expansive C. intensive D. expensive

11. Experiments ________ that accurate measurements be made.

A. show B. prove C. demand D. head

12. I tried to catch the ball but it was ________ my reach.

A. beyond B. besides C. in addition to D. as well as

13. The patient’s health failed to such an extent that he was put into ________ care.

A. tense B. rigid C. intensive D. tight

14. Under heavy gunfire, those cameramen risked their lives to give ________ battle field reports.

A. word-for -word B. face- to- face

C.down -to- earth D. on- the- spot

15. I appreciate ________ to your birthday party.

A. to be invited B. to have invited

C. having invited D. being invited

16. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily ________ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.

A. take over B. result in C. hold on D. keep to

17. When it ________ school work, the professor will treat his students equally.

A. comes to evaluate B. comes to evaluating

C. will come to evaluate D. will come to evaluating

18. The ability to store knowledge makes computers different form every other machine ________ invented.

A. ever B. thus C. yet D. as

19. ________ new products have been successfully trial produced.

A. A great deal B. A large amount of

C. A plenty of D. A large number of

20. I have kept that portrait ________ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.

A. which B. where C. whether D. when

21. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people ________ each year than automobile accidents.

A. six more times B. six times more

C. over six times D. six times

22. What they have done for us can’t be measured in ________ of money.

A. way B. means C. terms D. place

23. Go and get some water, ________?

A. don’t you B. shall you

C. can’t you D. won’t you

24. ________ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A.Had they arrived B. Would they arrive

C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive

25. Meat ________ easily in hot weather.

A. turns badly B. becomes badly

C. goes bad D. changes worse

Part II Reading Comprehension(45 points)

Section A (40 points, 2 points for each)

Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each task is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage 1

There was a time when, if a lady got into a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer his seat. But now, things are different. Today a gentleman will probably look out of the window or if he feels a bit shy, hide behind his newspaper. Either way, the lady will have to stand until someone else gets off.

You can’t entirely blame men for this change in manners, though. Gone are the days when women could be referred to as weakers without causing trouble. A whole generation of women has grown up demanding equality with men, not just equality in jobs or education, but in social life. Hold a door open for some women and you are likely to get an angry lecture on treating women as inferiors (能力低下的人) unable to open doors for themselves. Take a girl out for meal and she’ll probably insist on paying her share of the bill. On second thoughts, that is perhaps not such a bad idea.

It’s no wonder, then, that men have given up some ways of politeness and consideration which they used to show towards women. On the other hand, the man’s active politeness is perhaps slowly being replaced by true consideration for the needs and feelings of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings, rather than as weakers or something that can be used to please men.

26. Today, when a lady gets on a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would probably ________.

A. stand up and offer her his seat B. read his newspaper

C. look out of the window D. not stand up and offer her his seat

27. What men do towards women on a crowded bus or train today is ________.

A. really bad B. strange enough

C. not entirely wrong D. entirely wrong

28. The new generation of women wants to be ________.

A. treated not as the weaker sex B. treated as the weaker sex

C. cared for on buses and trains D. better treated than before

29. According to the passage, which of the following is Not correct?

A. Some women may get angry if you open the door for them.

B. Girls don’t want you to pay for meal at all.

C. Some women may criticize you if you show too much politeness to them.

D. A girl may be unhappy if you insist on paying her share of the bill.

30. From this passage, we know that ________.

A. women need true consideration of their needs and feelings

B. men have given up some politeness they used to show to women

C. women often get angry if you’re polite to them

D. women should stand in the bus or train

Passage 2

Many visitors find the fast pace at which American people move very troubling. One’s first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment.

At first, this may seem unfriendly to you. Drivers will rush you; storekeepers will be in a hurry as they serve you; people will push past you as they walk along the street. You will miss smiles, brief conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home. Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly. Often life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well.

Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; they expect others to “push back”, just as city people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example. But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you. Many of them first came to the city as strangers and they remember how frightening a new city can be. If you need help or want to ask a question, choose a friendly-looking person and say, “I am a stranger here. Can you help me?”

Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find your way, or answer your questions. But you must let them know that you need help. Otherwise they are likely to pass you by, not noticing that you are new to the city and in need of help. Occasionally, you may find someone too busy or perhaps too rushed to give you aid. If this happens, do not be discouraged: just ask someone else. Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger.

31. Many people who first visit the United States will find that ________.

A. American is a highly developed country.

B. American city people seem to be always in a rush.

C. the fast pace in American life often causes much trouble.

D. Americans are important and unfriendly people.

32. When the author says “you will miss smiles” in the second paragraph, he means ________.

A. you will fail to notice that American are pleasant and happy.

B. you will be puzzled why Americans do not smile at you.

C. you will feel that Americans do not seem very friendly.

D. you will find that Americans don’t have much sense of humor.

33. In the author’s opinion, ________.

A. it is true that life in New York is much faster than that in any other city.

B. people living outside big cities are lazy and miserable

C. most Americans people enjoy living in the suburbs of big cities

D. those who are busy are not necessary unfriendly

34. The author mentions big cities such as Tokyo, Singapore and Paris ________.

A. to show that city people all over the world have a lot in common.

B. to let his readers be aware that they are some of the world’s biggest cities

C. to illustrate their difference from American cities

D. because they are some of the cities that attract visitors most

35. If you say to an American that you are a stranger there, most probably he will ________.

A. offer his help

B. stop smiling at you

C. help you find the way

D. reply that he is pleased to meet you

Passage 3

While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and bright lights that have awakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same.

Rectangular rows of rice fields litter the landscape separated by long lanes of water designed to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop. The experience is not unlike driving through the American Midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape.

Four years ago, when I last took this trip, the roads were dust and telephone wires did not run parallel to the highway. Bare roads have been replaced by sleek, newly paved highways running from Shanghai to Nanking, to my smaller, home city, Wuhu. Unlike the changes I had heard of and expected in Shanghai, Wuhu was much more of a surprise. The small city where I was born had grown up as I have. There are large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildings around it, many of these apartment complexes. Little seemed familiar and I wonder what my grandparent’s flat built of brick and mortar had become.

Perhaps I shouldn’t have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished (拆除) and rebuilt as a six story apartment complex as well. Walking up to the second floor I saw my grandfather’s face peering out of the screen door. He began to smile as he saw me, and so did I. Their home is now no different from a western apartment. Equipped with the modern amenities (便利設施) of a gas stove, a toilet, a shower? this was indeed different from four years ago.

36. According to the author, dramatic changes took place in ________.

A. cities but not countryside of China

B. both cities and countryside of China

C. countryside but not in large cities

D. everywhere

37. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ________.

A. peasants lead similar life all over the world

B. Chinese irrigating system is more impressing than that in America

C. peasants in Midwest America raise more corns while Chinese peasants raise more rice

D. peasants in Midwest America raise more rice while Chinese peasants raise more corn

38. The author was traveling to Wuhu ________.

A. in order to take a stop during the trip from Shanghai to Nanking

B. in order to find some place similar to his hometown

C. in order to visit his grand parents

D. in order to find out changes in small cities

39. The author’s grandparents ________.

A. live in their house of brick and mortar

B. live in an apartment similar to westerners

C. led a totally westernized life

D. was poor as they always were

40. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. Flash back to China

B. From Shanghai to Nanking

C. Wuhu Today

D. Back With My Grand Parents

Passage 4

Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.

The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture — one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life, however, cultural differences are still far from converging.

The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.

Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.

41. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. All international managers can learn culture.

B. Business diversity is not necessary.

C. Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.

D. Most people do not know foreign culture well.

42. According to the author, the model of Pepsi ________.

A. is in line with the theories of the school advocating the business is business the world around

B. is different from the model of McDonald’s

C. shows the reverse of globalization

D. has converged cultural differences

43. The two schools of thought ________.

A. both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures

B. both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries

C. admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world

D. Both A and B

44. This article is supposed to be most useful for those ________.

A. who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity

B. who have connections to more than one type of culture

C. who want to travel abroad

D. who want to run business on International Scale

45. According to Fortune, successful international companies ________.

A. earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas

B. all have the quality of patience

C. will follow the overseas local cultures

D. adopt the policy of internationalization

Section B Short Answer Questions(5 points, 1 point for each)

Directions: Answer each of the following questions with not more than 5 words.

Did you know that the invention of chewing gum (口香糖) was an accident? People have been chewing gum-like substances since the early times. Some were made from thickened resin (樹脂), a substance that comes from plants. Others were made from grains and waxes. But chewing gum, as we know it today, was invented by mistake, in 1870 when Thomas Adams, a photographer, became friends with a Mexican military general, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.

After Santa Anna defeated the Texans at the Alamo, he was forced to leave his home country Mexico. Santa Anna stayed with Thomas Adams in New York and introduced him to a gummy substance people in Mexico liked to chew called chicle. Chicle was the milky substance from certain trees that grew in the tropical rain forests in Central America. Adams wanted to use the chicle to invent a cheaper substitute for rubber. He tried to make all sorts of items out of chicle, including toys and rubber boots, but each of his experiments failed.

One day, while he was thinking about his failures, he remembered that people in Mexico chewed chicle. Curious, he put a piece of the chicle into his mouth and began to chew on it. Adams added licorice (甘草) to the chicle and opened the world's first chewing gum factory.

Much like Adams’s discovery of chewing gum, the invention of bubble gum was also an accident. In 1928, Walter Diemer, an accountant for the Fleer Gum Company in Philadelphia, stumbled upon the invention while experimenting with new recipes (配方) for chewing gum. Diemer created a gum that was less sticky and more stretchy than regular chewing gum. Diemer learned he could blow bubbles with this new gum.

Accidents or not, chewing gum and bubble gum are two inventions that people across the globe like!

46. People were able to acquire thickened resin from .

47. In his experiments, Adams originally intended to replace rubber with .

48. The phrase “stumbled upon” (Para. 4) most probably means .

49. Compared with regular chewing gums, bubble gums were .

50. The passage is mainly concerned with .

Part Ⅲ Translation (20 points)

Section A (10 points, 2 point for each)

Directions: Each of the following sentences is followed by three choices marked A, B, C. Choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

51. China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and the visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.

A. 中國是較早的文明發源地，訪問它是我的夙愿。

B. 中國是較早的文明搖籃之一，在我腦海中曾經浮現過這個古代文明。

C. 中國是最古老的文明搖籃之一，訪問這個文明古國是我多年夢寐以求的愿望。

52. Such being the case, we have no choice but to request you to amend (修改) relative contract terms.

A. 我們沒有選擇，只有出現如此情景，即請求你修改相關的合同方面。

B. 鑒于此種情況，我們只好請貴方修改合同有關條款。

C. 在這種情況下，我們不得不要求你修改相關的合同內容。

53. Something unexpected has happened which prevents me from keeping my promise.

A. 一些不希望的事情的發生使我不能承兌我的誓言。

B. 一些讓我不能遵守諾言的事不希望地發生了。

C. 一些出乎意料的事情的發生使我不能遵守諾言。

54. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable as smaller financial institutions.

A. 全面服務的銀行能提供在小財政機構所不能獲得的服務。

B. 提供全方位服務的銀行能提供較小的金融機構所不能提供的服務。

C. 充滿了服務的銀行可能提供給較小的財政機構某些無法獲得的服務。

55. She has put on a lot of weight since she got out of the hospital.

A. 自從出院以來她挑起了工作的重擔。

B. 自從出院以來她長胖了許多。

C. 因為她出院了，所以挑起了工作的重擔。

Section B (10 points)

Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English.

56. The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month. This is the first full moon of the lunar New Year, symbolizing harmony and reunion. The Lantern Festival is actually an important part of the Spring Festival, and it marks the end of the Spring Festival holiday. There are many legends concerning the origins of the Lantern Festival, but no agreement has been reached. What is for sure is that in the Han Dynasty, the Lantern Festival was paid great attention to and became an important nationwide festival. The customs of this festival are numerous, varying from place to place, but the most common ones are eating yuanxiao and watching festive lanterns.

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Part IV Writing (10 points)

57. Directions: For this part you are required to write a letter in English of about 100 words according to the suggestions given below.

北京大學的約翰·史密斯先生將到我校舉辦關于美國文化的講座。請根據以下要求以英語教學和研究處的名義寫一則通知。

(1)時間：十月十八日;

(2)地點：C102教室。

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